Pneumatic motor



Oct 13,1925. 1,551,326

- F. J. POWELL PNEUMATIC MOTOR Filed W 5, 1925 2 sheets sheet I Fig.1 W4

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0.1. 13, 1925 1,557,326 F. J. POWELL PNEUMATIC MOTOR Filed April 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.4.

Patented Get. 13, i925,

FRED J. POWELL, OF JEROME, ARIZONA.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

Application filed April 3, 1925.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that F men J. POWELL, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Jerome, in the county of Yavapai and State of Arizona, has invented new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Motors, of which the following is a specilication.

A purpose of the invention is to provide a pneumatic motor for use on a lathe or other machine tool for grinding, and to provide a device adapted for hand drilling, grinding, buiiing and polishing.

Another purpose is to provide a pneumatic motor including a casing with a chamber containing a bladed rotor, there being means for conducting a fluid, such as'air, water or the like, into the chamber, there being a plurality of apertures or openings constructed in inclined positions in a wall of the casing for directing a fluid toward the blades of the rotor, there also being e2;- haust openings, about four in number as the case may be, in the opposite end of the casing.

Still another purpose is the provision of a countershaft operatively geared to the shaft of the rotor and, in turn, to a member whichmay carry a drill chuck or the like for rotating the member at a different speed to the speed of the rotor shaft.

, A further purpose is to provide the shaft of the rotor with means by which a spindle for emery wheels or the like may be attached and when such spindle is connected to the rotor shaft, the gearing of the countershaft is thrown out of mesh with the gearing of the rotor shaft and the gearing of the member which may carry the drill chuck, that is, when the spindle is not used. A still further purpose is the provision of means for throwing the gearing of the countershaft out of mesh, so that the rotor shaft maybe used for carrying a spindle. It is to be understood that the particulars herein given are in no way liinitative and that, while still keeping. withiirthe scope of the invention, any desired modifications of detail and desired proportions may be made in the apparatus according to the oir cumstances.

The invention comprises further features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawing and claimed.

In the drawings:

Serial No. 20,464.

Figure 1 is a sectional view throughthe improved pneumatic motor constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view on line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view on line 33 of Figure 1, showing a handle by which the stem of the motor may be mounted upon a tool post of a lathe or shaper.

Figure 1- is a sectional view on line H of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a view in section'ofa plate which is mounted on the interior of the casing and is provided with a-plurality of apertures or openings which direct the fluid toward the blades of the rotor.

Figure 6 is a sectional view through the rotor.

Figure 7 is an edge view or the rotor, showing the inclination of the blades, with the plate having the apertures or openings associated therewith to show how the apertures may direct the fluid toward the blades and impart motion to the rotor.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a casin which may be any suitable shape, preferably cylindrical, having an integral head 2 at one end and a removable head plate '3 at the other end, the latter being bolted at at to a marginal flange of the cas ing 1. Adjacent where the headplate 3 is located, the wall of the casing 1 is recessed at 5 forthe reception of a disk or plate 6 which is held in the annular recess by the head plate. 7

The casing 1 has an extension 7 which has a chamber 8. This chamber 8 is separated from the chamber 9 (which carries the bladed rotor 10) by means of a wall 11'. The plate or wall 6 separates the chamber 9 from a chamber 12. The bladed rotor 1s keyed at 13 to a shaft 1st which has ahead 15 at one end provided with a threaded socket 16 to receive a spindle (not shown) which may carry an emery wheel or the like. The other end of the shaft l l is reduced and rotatable therewith is a gear 17.

A sleeve 18 is mounted upon the shaft 14 and has'a bore 19 which receives the head '15 of the shaft 14:, there being ball bearings 20 to insure free movements of the sleeve as well as the head of the shaft 14. This sleeve has an integral gear 21 and is mounted in the casing to pass through the flanged opening 22 of the integral head of the casing. prior to mounting therotor in the easing. The shaft 14 is then inserted throu 'h the sleeve, so that its head may enter tie bore 19.

A shaft 23 is provided on which a sleeve 24: is mounted. One end of the sleeve carries an integral gear 25 which meshes with the gear 21 while the other end of the sleeve 24 carries an integral gear 26 which meshes with the gear 17 The opposite ends of the shaft 23 have reduced extensions 28 and 29 which are disposed eccentrically to the shaft and are mounted in bearings of the integral head 2 and the head plate 3. The extension 29 has fixed thereto in any suitable manner, such as shown, an arm 30 with an enlargement 31 at its end. The enlargement 31 is chambered out toprovide a cavity 32 which receives a spring tensioned detent pin 33.

When the shaft 23 (on which the sleeve 24 is loosely mounted) is rocked through the medium of the arm 30, the gears25 and 27 are moved out of mesh with the gears 17 and 21. This is due to the fact that the extensions 28 and 29 are eccentrically posi tioned relative to the shaft 23. However, when the gears 25 and27 are in mesh with the gears 17 and 21, the detent pin 33 engages a depression 3 1 in one face of the head plate 3 to hold the shaft against rocking movement while the gears are in mesh.

Suitable ball bearings 35 and 36 are interposed between the hub of the rotor and the plate 6 and between said plate and the gear 17-, thereby insuring freedom of movement of the rotor and the gear 17. Also ball bearings 3'7 are interposed between the hub of the rotor and the sleeve 18 to insure freedom of movement.

The head plate 3 has an axial extension 38 which has a fluid passage 39. The end of V the extension 38 has a threaded socket 40 in srotor.

which a suitable hose connection (not shown) may be attached, so as to furnish air or other fluid under pressure to flow through the passage 39 and into the chamber .12.

The plate 6 is provided with a plurality of apertures or openings '11 which are in annular arrangement and these apertures are inclined in the direction of the blades 42 of the rotor. The blades are at angles to the angles of the aperturesror openings 41, so that the air or other fluid, when passing through the apertures, will impinge upon the blades and impart rotary motion to the If the gears 25 and 27 are in mesh with the gears 21 and 17, motion will be imparted to the sleeve 18 which, in turn, may carry a drill chuck (not shown) for operating the "same. However, when the drill chuck is detached and the gears and 2? moved out of mesh with thegears 21 and 17 with a spindle connected in the socket 16 of the head 15, motion will be imparted to the spindle which may carry a grinder, such as an emery wheel or the like.

A suitable handle 43 is provided and has an opening 1 1 at one end and beyond the opening the end of the handle is slit at 45, thereby providing spaced parts 46, there being a' transverse bolt 4:7 passing through the parts for clamping the handle 43 on the extension of the head plate 3. This handle 43 may attach in the usual manner to a suitable tool post of a lathe or shaper for the purpose of supporting the motor in position.

The extension 33 has a transverse opening 18 receiving a valve 49 which is also conical, the valve having a handle 50 for rotating the valve to register the passage 51 of the valve with the passage 39 which is formed through the extension 38. A. suitable nut 52 holds the valve in the transverse opening 18.

In operation, the air or other fluid passes through the passage 39 and into the chamber 12, thence through the openings or apertures i1 and impinges against the blades of the rotor, imparting revoluble movement thereto. it will be noted that the gears 21 and 21'' have spokes, so that the air or other fluid will readily pass. After the air impinges upon the blades of the rotor and imparts movement to the latter, the air or other fluid passes through between the spokes of the gear 21 and exhausts through the exhaust openings 53.

The invention having been set forth, what a is claimed is:

1. In a pneumatic motor, .a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a shaft coaxial with the center of the rotor receiving chamber and provided with a rotor having inclined blades, a member rotatable on the shaft and provided atone end with means for supporting a device to be rotated, the end of the shaft adjacent the member hav ing means for receiving and carrying an element to be rotated, a countershaft eceentrically mounted in the casing, a sleeve supported on the countersh'aft with its opposite ends geared to one end of the rotor shaft and said member for imparting movement to the member at a Jchfit'e'rent rate of speed to that of the rotor shaft, said casing having means for conveying a fluid to the storage chamber, the casing having passages for conducting the fluid from the storage chamber to and toward the blades of the rotor, and exhaust ports for the utilized fluid.

2. In a pneumatic motor, a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a shaft coaxial with the center of the rotor receiving chamber and provided with a rotor having inclined blades, a member rotatable on the shaft and provided at one end with means for supporting a device to be rotated, the end of the shaft adjacent the member having means for receiving and carrying an element to be rotated, means operatively connecting the member and the rotor shaft at the end of the latter remote from the element carrying end for imparting movement to the member, means for conducting fluid under pressure to the storage chamber, means for conveying the fluid to and toward the blades of the rotor, and exhaust ports for the utilized fluid.

3. In a pneumatic motor, a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a shaft coaxial with the center of the rotor receiving chamber and provided with a rotor having inclined blades, a member rotatable on the shaft and provided at one end with means for sup porting a device to be rotated, the end of the shaft adjacent the member having means for receiving and carrying an element to be rotated, a countershaft eccentrically mounted in the casing, a sleeve supported on the COLU'ltQISllzl'ft with its opposite ends geared to one end of the rotor shaft and said member for imparting movement to the member at a differentrate of speed to that of the rotor shaft, said casing having means for conveying afluid to the storage chamber, the casing having passages for conducting the fluid from the storage chamber to and toward the blades of the rotor, exhaust ports for the utilized fluid, and means for rocking the countersha-ft to move the gears of the sleeve out of operative connection with the member and the rotor shaft.

4. In a pneumatic motor, a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a shaft coaxial with the center of the rotor receiving chamber and provided with a rotor having inclined blades, :1 member rotatable on the shaft and provided at one end with means for supporting a device to be rotated, the end of the shaft adjacent the member having means for receiving and carrying an element to be rotated, means operatively connecting the member and the rotor shaft at the end of the latter remote from the element carrying end for imparting movement to the member, means for conducting fluid under pressure to the storage chamber, means for conveying the fluid to and toward the blades of the rotor, exhaust ports for the utilized fluid, and means for severing the operative connections between the member and the rotor shaft.

5. A pneumatic motor comprising a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a pair of concentric members operatively supported in the casing concentric with the rotor receiv ing chamber, a rotor mounted in said chamber and provided with inclined blades and operative with one of said members which is provided with means for carrying an element to be rotated, the end of the member carrying the element having operative connections with the other member which has at one end means for carrying a device to be rotated, means for conveying the fluid from the storage chamber to and impinging against the blades of the rotor for imparting movement thereto, exhaust ports for the utilized fluid, and controlled means for conveying fluid under pressure to the storage chamber.

6. A pneumatic motor comprising a casing provided with a rotor receiving chamber and a fluid storage chamber, a pair of concentric members operatively supported in the casing concentric with the rotor receiving chamber, a rotor mounted in said chamber and provided with inclined blades and operative with one of said members which is provided with means for carrying an element to be rotated, the end of the member carrying the element having operative connections with the other member which has at one end means for carrying a device to be rotated, means for conveying the fluid from the storage chamber to and impinging against the blades of the rotor for imparting movement thereto, exhaust ports for the utilized fluid, means for conveying fluid under pressure to the storage chamber, and means for severing the operative connections, whereby the member carrying the rotor may operate independently while the other member remains at rest.

In testimony whereof he affixes his signature.

FRED J. POWVELL. 

